Why Some Motors Use Encoders
If you’ve ever worked with motors in any kind of automated system, you’ve probably come across something called an encoder. But what exactly does it do? And why do some motors need it while others seem to work just fine without one?
Let’s break it down in plain language.
What Is a Motor Encoder?
A motor encoder is a sensor that tracks how the motor moves. More specifically, it tells you how far, how fast, and in which direction the motor shaft is turning.
Think of it like the odometer in your car. Without it, you can press the gas pedal, but you’d have no idea how far you’ve driven or how fast you’re going. The encoder gives you that essential feedback so your system can react or adjust as needed.
There are different types of motor encoders, such as rotary encoders or magnetic encoders, but they all do the same basic thing: report motion in real-time.
Why Use an Encoder with a Motor?
Not all motors need to be super precise. But in many modern applications—especially those involving smart devices or automation—precision matters a lot.
Here’s when a DC motor with encoder really makes a difference:
1. You Need Accurate Position Control
Say you’re using a small motor to move a robotic arm. You don’t just want it to spin—you want it to stop at exactly 45 degrees. Without an encoder, that’s nearly impossible to do consistently. With one, the motor knows exactly how far it’s gone and when to stop.
2. You Want Speed Feedback
Encoders also help control how fast the motor is spinning. This is especially useful in systems where speed needs to stay stable, even if the load changes.
3. You Need Feedback for Safety or Error Correction
If something goes wrong—like the motor gets stuck or moves too far—an encoder lets your controller know immediately. That way, the system can react before it causes damage or a malfunction.
4. You Want to Build a Closed-Loop System
A motor with an encoder creates a closed-loop setup, where the system constantly monitors and adjusts motor behavior. Without an encoder, you’re stuck with open-loop control, where the motor just runs blindly without any feedback.
Real-World Examples of Motors Using Encoders
At VoltSpin, we often work with companies building compact, smart-drive products that rely on accurate motion. Here are just a few examples where micro DC gear motors with encoders are commonly used:
Smart locks: The motor needs to rotate just enough to lock or unlock the door—no more, no less.
Medical pumps: Accurate flow rates depend on precise motor control.
Camera systems: PTZ cameras need to move to exact angles and hold their position.
Service robots and automation arms: Precise, repeatable movement is essential.
Small AGVs and mobile devices: Encoders on the wheels help the system track position and route.
Vending machines or tool changers: Motors must stop at the correct point, every time.
These are just a few of the many motor encoder applications we see in today’s smart hardware and industrial designs.
Do You Always Need an Encoder?
Not necessarily. If your motor just needs to spin at a fixed speed, or if slight variations won’t affect the product’s function, you can probably go without one. But when control, accuracy, and feedback are important, adding an encoder makes a big difference.
Encoders may add a bit of complexity, but they open the door to much more intelligent motion. And that’s a must-have in many of today’s smart devices.
Looking for DC Motors with Encoders?
At VoltSpin, we supply high-quality micro DC motors with encoder options, custom-configured to fit your exact performance needs. Whether you’re developing a smart product, building a prototype, or scaling production, we’re here to help you find the right motor solution—without the guesswork.
Let us know what your project requires, and we’ll match you with the right motor and encoder setup.
